What is varicose veins in the legs

Problems with the vascular system of the foot are found in more than half of the planet's population. The largest discomfort gives patients with a varicose veins of the phlebologist on their feet. The pathology is characterized by a decrease in the tone of the blood vessel walls and the enlargement of their lumen. As a result of sagging of the veins of the foot, the opposite flow of blood in the human body is worried. In what complications are varicose veins and how to fight it correctly, we understand below our material.

General characteristics and causes of varicose veins

The lids in the operation of the vascular system of the foot are initially formed against the backdrop of improper functioning of the venous valves. Here it is worth knowing that because of the force of gravity, the blood from the heart flows freely into the lower extremities. In the opposite direction, the blood flow moves under the influence of natural pressure, which create the walls of healthy vessels. This wave is enough to overcome the power of terrestrial attraction.

If the tone of the blood vessels is disturbed, then the body makes all the possible efforts to push the blood up into the vessel. That is to say, for this it independently increases blood pressure (blood pressure). From such "efforts", venous valves work worse, without completely closing the wings with every stroke of the human heart. In this case, the blood is actively introduced from deep veins to superficial veins, which causes their additional completion.

The causes of varicose veins of the lower extremities are the following factors:

Inheritance (transmission of the disease through a male or female line). Hormonal dysfunctions against the backdrop of autoimmune processes, pregnancy, birth or diseases of the reproductive system. A kind of sitting activity or vice versa, accompanied by long legs standing. A sedentary lifestyle. Excess weight (overweight). Energy exercises with lifting weights by a landing or a meeting. Smoking and drinking alcohol. Long stay under the right sunlight.

The first symptoms and signs

Symptoms of varicose veins can vary to a degree or another intensity depending on the general condition of the patient and at the stage of the disease. Moreover, the signs of pathology are not always visible. The only common feature for varicose veins is a condition called the term "heavy heels". That is to say, in any of the stages of pathology, the patient feels the severity of the foot at the end of the work day or even in the morning after sleep.

Stage I and II of Varicose veins: Signs and Symptoms

The initial stages of the vascular pathology of the legs are characterized by characteristic signs. So at 1 stage, the following symptoms are observed:

a vascular pattern in the form of stars or a stroke in the leg; swelling of the feet after wearing shoes and even socks; Night cramps in the calf muscle; Fatigue and aggravation.

In 2 stages of pathology, the patient forms the following symptoms:

swelling of the veins after prolonged walking in uncomfortable shoes or after prolonged stay; visualization of expanded vessels in the volume of vessels; prolonged and elongated joints in the veins of the legs; itching in inflamed vein sites; Redness of the skin.

III and IV phase of varicose veins

Progressive varicose veins are already characterized by signs of complications. The picture looks as follows:

Phase 3. Despite the backdrop of the patient's above symptoms, it accompanies almost persistent swelling of the feet. Sometimes it may fall in the morning. Stage 4. The patient in the rash begins with the onset of ulcerative formations. The place of the next trophic ulcer is covered with white, as if with a sprayed plate. During its injury, a trophic ulcer opens, which releases almost constantly. The situation is dangerous in that ulcers can become infected for the second time, this leads to inflammation countries.

When to see a doctor, and what

In the first symptoms of the initial phases of varicose veins, you should contact a phlebologist. This doctor is engaged in blood vessels. If there is no such doctor in your clinic, you can get a consultation with an angiurgon or just a surgeon. It should be understood that in the early stages to stop the process of developing varicose veins by conservative methods is quite possible. Competent treatment tactics and compliance with all doctor's recipes will allow you to feel the softness on foot again.

Troubleshooting

For the competent and effective treatment of varicose veins in the legs, you first need to make an accurate diagnosis. That is, to identify the degree of the vascular problem. The following methods are used to diagnose the pathology of the veins in the foot:

Visual examination of the patient's feet with mandatory palpation of visible vessels. Ultrasonic dopplerometry or flometry, which enable the physician to evaluate the blood velocity in the vessel and the overall occupation of the veins of the legs. Scan of foot vessels. This also allows you to evaluate the state of the valve system and the veins themselves. Thermography. In this case, infrared radiation is used for diagnosis. Ecosclerotherapy. The essence of the methodology is the introduction of a sclerosis substance into small doses and a further examination of vessels for inflamed places. Flebography is a computer. The technique has the principle of standard MRI. Phleboscintigraphy. Here, experts use special radionuclides to study lymph and venous systems of the legs.

Treatment methods of lower extremities

Drug therapy

You can treat varicose veins in the early stages with the help of medicines. And quite effective. The type and name of the drug is chosen depending on the severity of the patient's condition.

For external (local) use, a phlebologist can prescribe medicines in the form of gel, creams or ointments.

Also, for oral administration, anticoagulant preparations are described, which successfully dilute the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots.

Contrary to the backdrop of target therapy, the patient is prescribed for the treatment of varicose veins that support the work of vascular and blood circulation systems. So such medicines and additives are shown:

Vitamins. In particular, vitamin C and group vitamins V. Ointments are anti -inflammatory non -steroidal. Remove the inflammatory process perfectly and reduce skin rash. Angioprotectors. Set to increase the vein tone and reduce capillary permeability.

Surgical treatment of varicose veins with minimum invasive and full operating methods

In the 3-4 stages of varicose veins, surgery is indicated in order to remove patients with vessels that interfere with normal blood flow. Depending on the patient's initial condition, one of the minimum invasive techniques or a complete surgical intervention may be used.

Sclerotherapy

This type of non-surgical procedure consists of the presentation of special sclerosantias (substances of flyosclerosis) in the vein lumen. Their base is alcohols. As a rule, all these medicines are strictly intended for intravenous injection administration. Such substances provoke the destruction of the overall endothelial (inner) layer of the vessel and its further narrowing (sclerosis). As a result, the lumen of the vessel is significantly reduced or fully glued.

Most often, doctors use such medicines:

Soap fatty acids and salt. These are vacidicides, sylpisole, sotradicol, thrombovar or varicosan. Cell poisons. This is a quinin with urettan, a capable 1-5 %solution, vistaril, etc. Hypertonic compounds that dehydrate the intimacy of the veins. Sodium salicylate solution is 20-40 %, sodium bromide 30 %, 24 %sodium chloride. Cauterizing organic solutions. Ethyl alcohol, glucose solution 66 %or dextrose.

Flebectomy combined

Such a technique of surgical intervention means the use of several techniques at the same time. But first of all, the patient in a straight position marks the location of all the inflamed veins to be removed. The note is carried out under the control of the ultrasound of the foot vessels.

With complex phlebectomy, the following stages of surgical intervention are used:

The intersection. Otherwise, the procedure is called the parallel coating and intersection of the small and/or large subcutaneous vein. The coating is performed in the area of the sauce with deep legs of the legs. The junction is performed through the cut cutting in the inguinal folding area. Its length is 3-5 cm. The surgeon then observes a large subcutaneous vein until it falls into the femoral, and pulls the veins. Cross the BPV luggage (large subcutaneous vein). Only its trunk remains about 5 mm. Then, from that inguinal section, the surgeon performs the following stage of surgery - stripping. Stripping. Or, otherwise, removing the drawers of a large or small subcutaneous vein. It is performed through two endoscopic cuts located at both ends of the inflamed vein. In this case, an inguinal cut is already there. Through it, a special probe is inserted into the cavity of a sore vessel, which has a special thick olive with an advantage at the bottom. The probe moves until the end of the inflamed ship area and is sewn there. Then the surgeon pulls the sick boat as if he would return it out. In parallel, the cutting olive cuts the vein from the surrounding fabrics and capillaries. This method of removing the diseased vein is more reliable, but at the same time very traumatic, as the surrounding ship suffers. Liquidation (coating) of perforant veins. In this case, the surgeon simply connects the perforant veins through small cuttings on the skin with a size of 1-2 cm. Miniflebectomy. The method of removing varicose veins (small areas) and varicose joints through small endoscopic sections. It is performed if there is no need to remove a large or small subcutaneous veins.

Conservative treatment

Diet in the treatment of varicose veins

To increase the tone of the blood vessel walls and to significantly dilute the blood, you need to reconsider your diet. You should reject such products:

Alcohol in any form Fat and smoked dishes, Excess grenades, Fat refined oils.

To improve the condition of the veins in the legs, you can and should eat such products:

The onions are in heart, grape tomato, Fruits and berries for the season.

There is also an abundant drinking regime at 30 ml of water per 1 kg of patient weight.

Rejection

It is important to understand that smoking contributes to the formation of blood clots and significantly violates blood clotting. At the same time, not only the blood components but also the walls of the blood vessels suffer. Their elasticity decreases significantly, which does not play at the hand of a patient with varicose veins. Therefore, in order not to worsen the situation, it is necessary to abandon the devastating habit as soon as possible.

Compression underwear (socks, golf, tanga)

Wearing compression knitting is one of the effective ways to prevent further progression of varicose veins. Such linen (golf, socks and sweater) evenly distributes the intensity of blood flow to the heart. As a result, the load on the ship walls is significantly reduced, and the lumen of patients with the veins returns to a relatively normal condition. It is very important to understand that the compression formula embedded in the knit clothing repeats exactly the load that the calf muscles can form during intense foot movement. That is, the blood in the veins of the lower extremities does not even stall with a sedentary lifestyle. At the same time, all interior of compression in terms of compression intensity are classified into 4 types:

Preventive clothing. It has a compression level of 10 to 18 mm Hg. Art. It is indicated about the wearing of people with a genetic predisposition to varicose veins. The first class of knitwear. The compression rate in this case is 18–22 mm Hg. Art. It is used in the initial phase of varicose veins and for the prevention of varicose veins with expanded physical exercise with weight lifting or excess body weight. Second class of knitwear. Compression level - 23–32 mm Hg. Such linen is indicated for thrombophlebitis or varicose veins, formed against the background of surgery. Third grade of knitwear. The compression here is 33–46 mm Hg. Art. Indicated by deep vein thrombosis or after surgery. Fourth grade. Elastic linen has a compression scale of 49 mm Hg. Art. Such knitted coating is worn in severe forms of thrombosis or with lymphostasis to improve lymphatic drainage.

Popular methods of treating varicose veins

If varicose veins did not give complications and treatment of pathology is performed only medication, then it can be used as popular therapy and method. Moreover, you can use both compresses and tinctures for oral consumption. Below, consider the most popular variants of popular varicose veins treatment.

Tariffs and plant tinctures

To use homeopathy, you can use such herbs and plants:

Chestnut tincture is prepared by it. Pour 10 g. Crushed Chestnut Fruits 100 ml Vodka. They are all placed in glass containers and insisted for about 10 days in a dark place. The mixture is periodically shaken. After the deadline, the agent is prone and receives 15-20 drops a day before meals (morning and evening). Celandine. A bandage is moistened in the juice of the plant and applied in the form of a compression. The bandage is fixed for 4 hours, then washed with warm water. The course of therapy is a week. After that, take a break for 10 days and repeat the treatment. The complex is three such courses. Fern here they get sour milk (3 tablespoons smart) and dry grass (3 tablespoons dining rooms). Everything is mixed and scattered according to Garza. The bandage is applied to the injured leg and fixed with a bandage for three hours. This treatment technique is best used in the evening before bedtime. Chamomile pharmacy. A decoction is made of the plant (2 tablespoons grass are placed in a glass of boiling water). After that, the product is insisted for 30-40 minutes and pzhed. Finished infusion is used as a liquid for compresses. Chamomile removes vascular stars and similar patterns.

cONcluSiON

It is worth remembering that varicose veins - the pathology is irreversible. Therefore, it is advisable to now think about foot health and radically change your lifestyle. Remember, the health of your feet depends only on you. Especially if there is a predisposition to the development of pathology.